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Description of intervention(s) / exposure:
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B: Screening (The screening involves patients to complete the 10-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) at a computer in the waiting area which is connected to the Internet. They also answered questions about the largest amount they consumed in a single episode in the last 4 weeks, the duration of the episode, their age, gender, and ethnicity. It takes 3 minutes.), information leaflet (An educational leaflet providing information on the effects of alcohol and recommended upper limits for low-risk consumption) plus assessment of alcohol use, perceptions of peer drinking norms, and problems 4 weeks later. The assessment involves a 14-day retrospective account of drinks per day, the Alcohol Problems Scale - 14 items, the Academic Role Expectations and Alcohol Scale - 5 items, estimates of others' drinking (7 items) and their height and weight. Median completion time is 11 minutes.
C: Web-based motivational intervention (single-dose); including comparison of patient's drinking with age/gender norms and recommended upper limits. This intervention takes 11 minutes to answer the questions (see above) plus the time required to read the feedback, which we estimate to be 3-5 minutes. Overall, total time is approximately 15 minutes.
D: Web-based motivational intervention (multi-dose); as in C, provided at the commencement of the trial, at 6 months and at 12 months. This intervention takes 15 minutes at baseline and a further 10 minutes four weeks later for assessment and feedback.
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| Intervention code: | Behaviour |
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Comparator / control treatment:
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A: Screening and information leaflet (control). An educational leaflet providing information on the effects of alcohol and recommended upper limits for low-risk consumption. The screening involves patients to complete the 10-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) at a computer in the waiting area which is connected to the Internet. They also answered questions about the largest amount they consumed in a single episode in the last 4 weeks, the duration of the episode, their age, gender, and ethnicity. It takes 3 minutes.
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Control group: |
Active |
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Page 5
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Key inclusion criteria:
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Patients of the University of Otago Student Health Service, Sufficient English to understand consent form |
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Minimum Age:
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17
Years
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Maximum Age:
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29
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Gender:
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Both males and females |
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Healthy volunteers?
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No |
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Key exclusion criteria:
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If too sick or injured to participate |
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Page 6
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Study type: |
Interventional |
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Reason:
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Purpose of the study: |
Prevention |
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Allocation to intervention: |
Randomised controlled trial |
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Reason:
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Describe the procedure for enrolling a subject and allocating the treatment (allocation concealment procedures): |
Research staff involved in the trial were not informed of participants’ group allocation during intervention or follow-up. The generation of the sequence and loading of it into the server database were conducted by off-site staff who were not involved in the implementation of the trial on site, who never came into contact with study participants. Participants were informed that they were participating in a series of surveys about their drinking. Thier perceptions were checked in a pilot study, and found to be consistent with the aim to conceal group allocation. |
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Describe the methods used to generate the sequence in which subjects will be randomised (sequence generation): |
The random sequence was generated in Microsoft Excel using the rand function, and this was loaded into the server which administered the intervention. |
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Masking / blinding: |
Blinded (masking used) |
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Who is/are masked/blinded: |
The people receiving the treatment/s
The people assessing the outcomes
The people analysing the results/data
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Assignment: |
Parallel |
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Other design features (specify): |
Subjects were blind. Note: there were no assessors or therapists as such: all done by computer. The intervention, assessment, and analysis may therefore be said to have been conducted blindly. |
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Type of endpoint(s): |
Efficacy |
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Page 7
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Phase |
Phase 2 / Phase 3 |
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Anticipated or actual start date: |
3/03/2003 |
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Target sample size: |
572 |
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Recruitment status: |
Closed: follow-up complete |
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Page 8
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| Funding source 1: | Government funding body e.g. Australian Research Council |
| Name: | Health Research Council of New Zealand |
| Address: | |
| Country: | New Zealand |
| Funding source 2: | Government funding body e.g. Australian Research Council |
| Name: | Alcohol Advisory Council of New Zealand |
| Address: | |
| Country: | New Zealand |
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Primary sponsor: |
Individual |
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Name: |
Dr Kypros Kypri |
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| Secondary sponsor: | None |
| Name: | Nil |
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Page 9
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Has the study received approval from at least one ethics committee? |
Yes |
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Reason:
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| Ethics Committee name: | University of Otago Student Health Service. |
| Address: | |
| Country: | New Zealand |
| Date of approval: | 1/02/2002 |
| HREC Number: | 02/010. |
| Countries of recruitment: | Australia |
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Brief summary: |
There is compelling evidence for the efficacy of screening and brief intervention (SBI) for hazardous drinking, yet it is not widely available in primary healthcare. Electronic (computer/web-based) intervention offers the prospect of ease, simplicity, and economy of access. The objective was to examine whether electronic SBI (single- and multi-intervention) reduces hazardous drinking and related problems compared with an information leaflet alone (control condition). Design and Setting: Randomized controlled trial at a university health service (enrolment 8/2003), with follow-up measures taken at 6 and 12 months. |
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Trial website: |
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Page 10
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Contact person for public queries
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Name: |
Dr Kypros Kypri |
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Address: |
School of Medicine and Public Health
University of Newcastle
David Maddison Building
King & Watt Streets
Newcastle NSW 2300 |
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Australia |
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+61 2 49236231 |
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+61 2 49236148 |
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kypros.kypri@newcastle.edu.au |
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Contact person for scientific queries |
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Dr Kypros Kypri |
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School of Medicine and Public Health
University of Newcastle
David Maddison Building
King & Watt Streets
Newcastle NSW 2300 |
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Australia |
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+61 2 49236231 |
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kypros.kypri@newcastle.edu.au |
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